USA v. Kenneth Dixon
Fair Sentencing Act applies to any sentences passed after its enactment, regardless of when the crime was committed. (Circuit split.)
Recent Precedential Slip Opinions from the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeals.
Tuesday, August 09, 2011
Third Circuit -- USA v. Kenneth Dixon
Third Circuit -- Otos Tech Co Ltd v. OGK America Inc
Otos Tech Co Ltd v. OGK America Inc
Where a foreign judgment has been satisfied in the foreign county, but due to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency, the recovery has been less remunerative than it appeared to be at time of verdict, an overlapping judgment in the US cannot be enforced to "equalize" the recovery.
Where a foreign judgment has been satisfied in the foreign county, but due to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency, the recovery has been less remunerative than it appeared to be at time of verdict, an overlapping judgment in the US cannot be enforced to "equalize" the recovery.
Second Circuit -- Rivera v. Cuomo
Rivera v. Cuomo
Successful collateral attack on conviction - since the caselaw changed between conviction and the date the conviction became final, habeus granted.
(In the interval, recklessness became a clear element of NY depraved indifference murder.)
Successful collateral attack on conviction - since the caselaw changed between conviction and the date the conviction became final, habeus granted.
(In the interval, recklessness became a clear element of NY depraved indifference murder.)
Second Circuit -- United States v. FNU LNU
United States v. FNU LNU
No general exception to Miranda for immigration questioning at the border - the litmus is still whether a reasonable person in the agent's position has probable cause to suspect a crime. If yes, Miranda is in play.
90 Minute interrogation in a closed room with armed guards outside isn't sufficiently custodial to trigger Miranda, though. Totality of circumstances.
No general exception to Miranda for immigration questioning at the border - the litmus is still whether a reasonable person in the agent's position has probable cause to suspect a crime. If yes, Miranda is in play.
90 Minute interrogation in a closed room with armed guards outside isn't sufficiently custodial to trigger Miranda, though. Totality of circumstances.
Monday, August 08, 2011
Federal Circuit -- SMITH V. DEPT. OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
SMITH V. DEPT. OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
Given that a TDIU determination does not require any analysis of the actual opportunities available in the job market, we decline to conclude that an industrial survey is “necessary” for that purpose in connection with TDIU claims.
Given that a TDIU determination does not require any analysis of the actual opportunities available in the job market, we decline to conclude that an industrial survey is “necessary” for that purpose in connection with TDIU claims.
Federal Circuit -- SINGLETON V. DEPT. OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
SINGLETON V. DEPT. OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
No lifelibertyproperty (property) deprivation where, after court orders back-dated veterans' relief, an administrative finding reduces the amount by decreasing the level of disability for part of the time.
No lifelibertyproperty (property) deprivation where, after court orders back-dated veterans' relief, an administrative finding reduces the amount by decreasing the level of disability for part of the time.
Tenth Circuit -- ClearOne Communications, Inc., v. Biamp Systems
ClearOne Communications, Inc., v. Biamp Systems
Losing party cannot appeal a 12(b)(6) denial after the trial.
Comprehension of trade secret is not necessary for unlawful appropriation - possession of unparsed object code suffices.
No abuse of discretion in allowing expert to testify with minimal notice & disclosure.
Error in court's determination that the special verdict had determined the damages, where another interpretation is possible.
Many smaller issues, including fee-shifting.
Ninth Circuit -- MAVRIX PHOTO, INC. V. BRAND TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
MAVRIX PHOTO, INC. V. BRAND TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Specific personal jurisdiction upheld, given purposeful direction.
Specific personal jurisdiction upheld, given purposeful direction.
Ninth Circuit -- COLLEGESOURCE, INC. V. ACADEMYONE, INC.
COLLEGESOURCE, INC. V. ACADEMYONE, INC.
Personal jurisdiction over party upheld , given purposeful direction of business towards the state & Burger King factors.
Personal jurisdiction over party upheld , given purposeful direction of business towards the state & Burger King factors.
Ninth Circuit --- USA V. FULTON WASHINGTON
USA V. FULTON WASHINGTON
A 60(b) motion is actually a habeus in disguise, as it does not allege a defect in the habeus procedural structure.
A 60(b) motion is actually a habeus in disguise, as it does not allege a defect in the habeus procedural structure.
Ninth Circuit -- USA V. ROSA DELLA PORTA
USA V. ROSA DELLA PORTA
Where no Allen charge is given, and no inquiry made into reasons for deadlock, no error in permitting supplemental closing arguments.
Where no Allen charge is given, and no inquiry made into reasons for deadlock, no error in permitting supplemental closing arguments.
Eighth Circuit -- Evgueni Roudachevski v. All-American Care Centers, Inc
Evgueni Roudachevski v. All-American Care Centers, Inc
No error in denial of injunction barring care center from denying privileges to a doctor currently practicing there.
No error in denial of injunction barring care center from denying privileges to a doctor currently practicing there.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Joe Cowling, Jr.
United States v. Joe Cowling, Jr.
No success on Franks challenge to search warrant where confidential informant had given misleading information at an earlier interview.
No violation of Confrontation Clause when counsel is barred from introducing prior inconsistent statements on collateral matters from the transcript of a related civil action.
Admitting testimony about related burglaries was kosher despite lack of evidence from search of house connecting deft to those crimes, as there was other evidence to establish the Bell finding of conspiracy.
Evidence of prior bad acts not an abuse of discretion even where deft did not actually physically commit the prior burglary.
Evidence sufficient.
No success on Franks challenge to search warrant where confidential informant had given misleading information at an earlier interview.
No violation of Confrontation Clause when counsel is barred from introducing prior inconsistent statements on collateral matters from the transcript of a related civil action.
Admitting testimony about related burglaries was kosher despite lack of evidence from search of house connecting deft to those crimes, as there was other evidence to establish the Bell finding of conspiracy.
Evidence of prior bad acts not an abuse of discretion even where deft did not actually physically commit the prior burglary.
Evidence sufficient.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Manuel Quintero
United States v. Manuel Quintero
Review of consent to search is for clear error.
Court may permissibly consider a five-hour delay in deciding to undertake search when evaluating consent (nighttime search).
Totality of circumstances can weigh against defendant-specific factors when evaluating consent.
Review of consent to search is for clear error.
Court may permissibly consider a five-hour delay in deciding to undertake search when evaluating consent (nighttime search).
Totality of circumstances can weigh against defendant-specific factors when evaluating consent.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Vernis Farmer
United States v. Vernis Farmer
SSA claimant held to have made false statements in claiming not to be working, as while receiving disability benefits, he was working... as a Chief of Police.
Sentence at bottom of guidelines range not unreasonable.
SSA claimant held to have made false statements in claiming not to be working, as while receiving disability benefits, he was working... as a Chief of Police.
Sentence at bottom of guidelines range not unreasonable.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Michael Wells
United States v. Michael Wells
No decision on whether de novo or clear error applies to curtilage determinations.
Unpaved driveway to two-story outbuilding is within curtilage.
Knock & talk requires that you go to the front door.
No decision on whether de novo or clear error applies to curtilage determinations.
Unpaved driveway to two-story outbuilding is within curtilage.
Knock & talk requires that you go to the front door.
Eigth Circuit -- United States v. Steven Renner
United States v. Steven Renner
No constructive amendment of the indictment, as evidence at trial was consistent with the course of conduct charged in the indictment.
No error in jury instruction saying that accessed funds are taken funds, despite tax rule that accessed funds remain as liability to the depositor of the funds - reasoning: rule that embezzled funds are dated by the date of embezzlement.
No error in instruction not saying that good faith is not objective where the instruction says that good faith can be subjective.
Ev was sufficient.
Deft seeking professional advice justified a downward variation in sentence.
No constructive amendment of the indictment, as evidence at trial was consistent with the course of conduct charged in the indictment.
No error in jury instruction saying that accessed funds are taken funds, despite tax rule that accessed funds remain as liability to the depositor of the funds - reasoning: rule that embezzled funds are dated by the date of embezzlement.
No error in instruction not saying that good faith is not objective where the instruction says that good faith can be subjective.
Ev was sufficient.
Deft seeking professional advice justified a downward variation in sentence.
Labels:
Crim,
Jury Instructions,
Sentencing,
Sufficient Evidence,
Tax
Seventh Circuit -- Donald Vance v. Donald Rumsfeld
Donald Vance v. Donald Rumsfeld
(Quick skim - more than 90 pp.)
Bivens claim alleging torture of US citizens in a war zone can continue, but APA military exception blocks action to recover property.
Qualified immunity denied, as no reasonable gov't official could have thought the alleged treatment to be constitutional.
Claims against Rumsfeld pled sufficiently.
Detainee Teatment Act standards do not supersede, as plaintiffs claim that defts modified practices in response.
No deference / national security bar to courts entertaining Bivens actions.
DC & 2nd Circuit decisions holding otherwise referred to aliens, not citizens.
Concur/Dissent: Allow Congress time to fashion a remedy. Although other cases dealt with aliens, not citizens, courts in denying the remedy have used arguments that apply to citizens.
(Quick skim - more than 90 pp.)
Bivens claim alleging torture of US citizens in a war zone can continue, but APA military exception blocks action to recover property.
Qualified immunity denied, as no reasonable gov't official could have thought the alleged treatment to be constitutional.
Claims against Rumsfeld pled sufficiently.
Detainee Teatment Act standards do not supersede, as plaintiffs claim that defts modified practices in response.
No deference / national security bar to courts entertaining Bivens actions.
DC & 2nd Circuit decisions holding otherwise referred to aliens, not citizens.
Concur/Dissent: Allow Congress time to fashion a remedy. Although other cases dealt with aliens, not citizens, courts in denying the remedy have used arguments that apply to citizens.
Seventh Circuit -- National Shopmen Pen v. DISA
National Shopmen Pen v. DISA
Exhaustion requirement of Act does not apply to later revisions of employers' obligations. (Plan is not required to arbitrate subsequent revisions)
After the fact upward revisions of employers obligaitons are generally kosher.
Exhaustion requirement of Act does not apply to later revisions of employers' obligations. (Plan is not required to arbitrate subsequent revisions)
After the fact upward revisions of employers obligaitons are generally kosher.
Seventh Circuit -- USA v. Wanda Joshua
USA v. Wanda Joshua
Metering of mail is sufficient circumstantial evidence to establish mailing for mail fraud.
No post Skilliing reversal for honest-services mail fraud other than bribery, since special verdict indicated jury would have convicted on another theory.
No error in Advice of Counsel jury instruction where deft is claiming Attorney Work as a TKO to mens rea - the effective argument is the same.
No error in jury instruction silent as to presumptions.
Metering of mail is sufficient circumstantial evidence to establish mailing for mail fraud.
No post Skilliing reversal for honest-services mail fraud other than bribery, since special verdict indicated jury would have convicted on another theory.
No error in Advice of Counsel jury instruction where deft is claiming Attorney Work as a TKO to mens rea - the effective argument is the same.
No error in jury instruction silent as to presumptions.
Seventh Circuit -- USA v. Anthony Rutledge
USA v. Anthony Rutledge
Second and third steps of Batson cannot be conflated - the court must make an on-the-record assessment of the prosecutor's credibility.
(African-American prosecutor striking an African-American juror.)
Second and third steps of Batson cannot be conflated - the court must make an on-the-record assessment of the prosecutor's credibility.
(African-American prosecutor striking an African-American juror.)
Seventh Circuit -- Ramon Pena v. Kraft Foods Global,
Ramon Pena v. Kraft Foods Global,
Error in trial court holding that Title VII showing of racial animus was defeated by a showing that an employee of the same race did not receive such discriminatory work assignments.
Even when discriminatory comments are not proximate to the time of alleged violation, they can support an indirect claim when supported by additional evidence.
Error in trial court holding that Title VII showing of racial animus was defeated by a showing that an employee of the same race did not receive such discriminatory work assignments.
Even when discriminatory comments are not proximate to the time of alleged violation, they can support an indirect claim when supported by additional evidence.
Seventh Circuit -- USA v. Wynell Gray
USA v. Wynell Gray
No Brady violation where potentially exculpatory evidence is in database subject to subpoena but hasn't been extracted/discerned. Distinction drawn between latent and patent evidence.
Pluto has a 153-hour day.
No error in judge telling jury that witness had declined medical treatment - doesn't speak to veracity of witness or reason for illness.
No Brady violation where potentially exculpatory evidence is in database subject to subpoena but hasn't been extracted/discerned. Distinction drawn between latent and patent evidence.
Pluto has a 153-hour day.
No error in judge telling jury that witness had declined medical treatment - doesn't speak to veracity of witness or reason for illness.
Seventh Circuit -- Joshua Resendez v. Wendy Knight
Fifth Circuit -- Sylvester McClain, et al v. Lufkin Industries Inc.
Sylvester McClain, et al v. Lufkin Industries Inc.
Where abundant and uncontradicted evidence proves the need to retain out-of-area counsel, fees should be calculated based on the fees in counsel's home area.
On remand, trial court should not consider a Perdue variation upward in lodestar to assure equal compensation for plaintiffs and defts.
No error where the 300 day limit on back pay is calculated from a member of the class who did not exhaust administrative remedies.
Where abundant and uncontradicted evidence proves the need to retain out-of-area counsel, fees should be calculated based on the fees in counsel's home area.
On remand, trial court should not consider a Perdue variation upward in lodestar to assure equal compensation for plaintiffs and defts.
No error where the 300 day limit on back pay is calculated from a member of the class who did not exhaust administrative remedies.
Fourth Circuit -- Katrina Okoli v. City of Baltimore
Katrina Okoli v. City of Baltimore
Strong claim for hostile work environment given claims of occasional jacuzzi-propositioning. Strong subjective component to HWE.
Dismissal hours after complaint to the Mayor means that quid-pro-quo discrimination is a triable fact.
(Uncredited Sherlock Holmes quote at the end of the section.)
Letter to Mayor was protected conduct, as city should have known that the claims therein were related to gender harassment.
Summary judgment TKO'd & case remanded.
Strong claim for hostile work environment given claims of occasional jacuzzi-propositioning. Strong subjective component to HWE.
Dismissal hours after complaint to the Mayor means that quid-pro-quo discrimination is a triable fact.
(Uncredited Sherlock Holmes quote at the end of the section.)
Letter to Mayor was protected conduct, as city should have known that the claims therein were related to gender harassment.
Summary judgment TKO'd & case remanded.
Second Circuit -- VanCook v. SEC
VanCook v. SEC
Both actions in furtherance of late trading and late trading itself run afoul of SEC Rule 10(b).
(Securities are priced by 4PM, some operators managed to trade after 4PM based on 4PM prices.)
Scienter requirement for recordkeeping rule that all orders must be timestamped refers to knowledge of the practice, not knowledge of the law.
Penalties kosher.
Both actions in furtherance of late trading and late trading itself run afoul of SEC Rule 10(b).
(Securities are priced by 4PM, some operators managed to trade after 4PM based on 4PM prices.)
Scienter requirement for recordkeeping rule that all orders must be timestamped refers to knowledge of the practice, not knowledge of the law.
Penalties kosher.
Second Circuit -- Millea v. Metro-North R.R. Co.
Millea v. Metro-North R.R. Co.
Policy requiring specific notification for leave-taking by employee conflicts with FMLA implication that indirect notice is kosher. No error in jury so finding.
No error in jury instruction holding that the leave policy may not be more stringent than FMLA (counsel's argument had been that the timing may not be more stringent, but other aspects might be.)
Reversal for jury instruction which required a "materially adverse employment action" - given Burlington Northern's wide scope of potential adversity in Title VII actions applies to FMLA claims.
Letter of reprimand in the file is sufficient harm under this standard.
Attorneys' fees should be calculated by lodestar, not as percent of recovery.
Policy requiring specific notification for leave-taking by employee conflicts with FMLA implication that indirect notice is kosher. No error in jury so finding.
No error in jury instruction holding that the leave policy may not be more stringent than FMLA (counsel's argument had been that the timing may not be more stringent, but other aspects might be.)
Reversal for jury instruction which required a "materially adverse employment action" - given Burlington Northern's wide scope of potential adversity in Title VII actions applies to FMLA claims.
Letter of reprimand in the file is sufficient harm under this standard.
Attorneys' fees should be calculated by lodestar, not as percent of recovery.
Labels:
Discrimination,
Fees,
Jury Instructions,
Labor/Employment
Second Circuit -- Smith v. SEC
Smith v. SEC
No abuse of discretion in Magistrate Judge's unfreezing of real estate asset during SEC prosecution, as the value of the property was declining quickly, and given likely success on the merits, a quick sale by the government was the most equitable remedy.
No abuse of discretion in Magistrate Judge's unfreezing of real estate asset during SEC prosecution, as the value of the property was declining quickly, and given likely success on the merits, a quick sale by the government was the most equitable remedy.
Second Circuit -- United States v. Plugh
United States v. Plugh
Held : Post - Berghuis, refusal to sign a waiver of rights form is not an unambiguous invocation of Miranda rights - given the change in the law, gov't can use the statements.
BUT - Court cuts some leeway by reiterating that ultimately, waiver must be knowing and voluntary - as the dude ultimately signed the form, the statements are in.
Friday, August 05, 2011
Federal Circuit -- CLOER V. SEC. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
CLOER V. SEC. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Consistent with the plain meaning of the statute, we hold that the statute of limitations of the Vaccine Act begins to run on the calendar date of the occurrence of the first medically recognized symptom or manifestation of onset of the injury claimed by the petitioner.
While equitable tolling is held to now be kosher under the Act, this case does not justify.
Consistent with the plain meaning of the statute, we hold that the statute of limitations of the Vaccine Act begins to run on the calendar date of the occurrence of the first medically recognized symptom or manifestation of onset of the injury claimed by the petitioner.
While equitable tolling is held to now be kosher under the Act, this case does not justify.
DC Circuit -- Judicial Watch, Inc. v. Fed. Housing Finance Authority
Judicial Watch, Inc. v. Fed. Housing Finance Authority
FOIA request for Fannie Mae & Freddy Mac political contribution records denied, as the agency does not "control" the records.
(i.e., they haven't looked at them)
FOIA request for Fannie Mae & Freddy Mac political contribution records denied, as the agency does not "control" the records.
(i.e., they haven't looked at them)
DC Circuit -- Bally's Park Place, Inc. v. NLRB
Bally's Park Place, Inc. v. NLRB
Employer who attempts to rebut unfair dismissal presumption by arguing a "zero tolerance" policy of abuse on something (eg family leave time) must have a written policy.
Employer who attempts to rebut unfair dismissal presumption by arguing a "zero tolerance" policy of abuse on something (eg family leave time) must have a written policy.
DC Circuit -- Spectrum Health-Kent Community v. NLRB
Spectrum Health-Kent Community v. NLRB
Where the cover of the CBA has one effective date and the text states another, look to parol evidence to establish intent.
10(e) bars challenge to factual basis of Board's ruling, as it was not raised before the Board.
Where the cover of the CBA has one effective date and the text states another, look to parol evidence to establish intent.
10(e) bars challenge to factual basis of Board's ruling, as it was not raised before the Board.
DC Circuit -- Janet Katz v. SEC
Janet Katz v. SEC
Where charging memorandum sufficiently references facts, deft is on notice to defend against any predicate charges.
Substantial evidence backs SEC findings.
Where charging memorandum sufficiently references facts, deft is on notice to defend against any predicate charges.
Substantial evidence backs SEC findings.
DC Circuit -- Melvin Jones v. Michael Astrue
Melvin Jones v. Michael Astrue
Error in rejecting conclusions of treating physician.
Letter implicating credibility of physiscian = grounds for remand to agency.
Error in rejecting conclusions of treating physician.
Letter implicating credibility of physiscian = grounds for remand to agency.
Eleventh Circuit -- USA vs Larry P. Langford
USA vs Larry P. Langford
Political corruption -
Sufficient evidence for honest services fraud & using mails in furtherance of fraud.
No prejudice in admission of tax returns with extraordinary (legal) gambling winnings.
Banking records not hearsay.
No prejudice from hearsay testimony on denial of loan.
Giving clothes to charity = inadmissible character evidence.
No error on several small evidence calls.
No error in denying jury instruction requiring quid pro quo for bribery conviction.
No error in denying change of venue.
Political corruption -
Sufficient evidence for honest services fraud & using mails in furtherance of fraud.
No prejudice in admission of tax returns with extraordinary (legal) gambling winnings.
Banking records not hearsay.
No prejudice from hearsay testimony on denial of loan.
Giving clothes to charity = inadmissible character evidence.
No error on several small evidence calls.
No error in denying jury instruction requiring quid pro quo for bribery conviction.
No error in denying change of venue.
Tenth Circuit -- United States v. Prince
United States v. Prince
Striking jurors for views on marihuana legalization is kosher.
For conviction on giving false statements to a firearms dealers, no mens rea requirement that deft know that the statements will be written down and placed in files.
Sufficient is the evidence unto the conviction.
Striking jurors for views on marihuana legalization is kosher.
For conviction on giving false statements to a firearms dealers, no mens rea requirement that deft know that the statements will be written down and placed in files.
Sufficient is the evidence unto the conviction.
Tenth Circuit -- Healthtrio, Inc. v. Centennial River Corp
Healthtrio, Inc. v. Centennial River Corp
Bankruptcy - Order of Relief sufficiently final for appeal.
Where Bankruptcy judge transfers case but then issues an untimely order, that order is unreviewable by the second jurisdiction. Remedy is to ask the second trail-level court to reevaluate the transfer order.
Bankruptcy - Order of Relief sufficiently final for appeal.
Where Bankruptcy judge transfers case but then issues an untimely order, that order is unreviewable by the second jurisdiction. Remedy is to ask the second trail-level court to reevaluate the transfer order.
Ninth Circuit -- K2 AMERICA CORPORATION V. ROLAND OIL & GAS. LLC
K2 AMERICA CORPORATION V. ROLAND OIL & GAS. LLC
"Indian Country" statute insufficient for federal jurisdiction where two companies are fighting state law claims involving lands held in trust.
"Indian Country" statute insufficient for federal jurisdiction where two companies are fighting state law claims involving lands held in trust.
Ninth Circuit -- S. GINSBERG V. NORTHWEST, INC.
S. GINSBERG V. NORTHWEST, INC.
The Airline Deregulation Act does not preempt a contract claim based on doctrine of good faith and fair dealing, as the latter does not refer to prices, routes & services.
Circuit split signalled in special concurrence.
The Airline Deregulation Act does not preempt a contract claim based on doctrine of good faith and fair dealing, as the latter does not refer to prices, routes & services.
Circuit split signalled in special concurrence.
Ninth Circuit -- USA V. STINSON
USA V. STINSON
VICAR is a continuing offense for purposes of jurisdiction.
No error in refusing to sever where court told jury that it really, really had to try to keep things separate.
No error in proceeding with a death-penalty qualified jury where proscs drop the capital charge.
Batson challenges TKO'd for court discretion & no harm no foul.
No Brady violation in sealed interviews of other prisoners.
No error in denying outrageous gov't conduct motions for threatening witnesses with death penalty and solitary confinement.
Older habeus order not relevant.
Vouching testimony was ultimately harmless.
Prosecutor misconduct in posing hypothetical statements not in evidence was harmless.
No error in denying curative jury instruction.
No tampering where judge tells jury that the blokes what approached them were not parties to the case.
Readbacks kosher.
Special verdict language which did not address burden of proof on the issue was not in error.
VICAR is a continuing offense for purposes of jurisdiction.
No error in refusing to sever where court told jury that it really, really had to try to keep things separate.
No error in proceeding with a death-penalty qualified jury where proscs drop the capital charge.
Batson challenges TKO'd for court discretion & no harm no foul.
No Brady violation in sealed interviews of other prisoners.
No error in denying outrageous gov't conduct motions for threatening witnesses with death penalty and solitary confinement.
Older habeus order not relevant.
Vouching testimony was ultimately harmless.
Prosecutor misconduct in posing hypothetical statements not in evidence was harmless.
No error in denying curative jury instruction.
No tampering where judge tells jury that the blokes what approached them were not parties to the case.
Readbacks kosher.
Special verdict language which did not address burden of proof on the issue was not in error.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Mario Smith
United States v. Mario Smith
Advancing with guns drawn, chase & fight with deft = not an arrest, but a Terry stop.
Leaving the car in the drive-through at Taco Bell = abandonment.
Advancing with guns drawn, chase & fight with deft = not an arrest, but a Terry stop.
Leaving the car in the drive-through at Taco Bell = abandonment.
Eighth Circuit -- Carlos Fernando Vasquez v. Stephanie Jo Colores
Carlos Fernando Vasquez v. Stephanie Jo Colores
Given goal of expediency, no error in denying continuance in a Hague Convention on Child Abduction proceeding.
No error in excluding evidence where proffer indicated that it would be cumulative.
Given goal of expediency, no error in denying continuance in a Hague Convention on Child Abduction proceeding.
No error in excluding evidence where proffer indicated that it would be cumulative.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Michael Wesley
United States v. Michael Wesley
No abuse of discretion in admitting a gun that might have been used in the robbery.
Introduction of unexplained wealth was error, as it likely came from a crime not in the indictment, but no error given weight of evidence.
No procedural or substantive errors in sentence.
No abuse of discretion in admitting a gun that might have been used in the robbery.
Introduction of unexplained wealth was error, as it likely came from a crime not in the indictment, but no error given weight of evidence.
No procedural or substantive errors in sentence.
Eighth Circuit -- Virgil Moore v. United States
Virgil Moore v. United States
Admission of form 2571 does not prejudicially determine that deft is a person of responsibility.
Signing form that indicates assessment suffices for notice of collection. (Maybe. TMB isn't tax-savvy.)
Admission of form 2571 does not prejudicially determine that deft is a person of responsibility.
Signing form that indicates assessment suffices for notice of collection. (Maybe. TMB isn't tax-savvy.)
Seventh Circuit -- Board of Regents University of Wisconsin v. Phoenix Software
Board of Regents University of Wisconsin v. Phoenix Software
Findings in the TTAB holding that there was a likelihood of confusion of trademarks means that SJ at District Court is inappropriate.
State waives sovereign immunity to compulsory counterclaims by beginning Article III action to challenge TTAB finding.
Extensive primer on sovereign immunity / 11A.
Findings in the TTAB holding that there was a likelihood of confusion of trademarks means that SJ at District Court is inappropriate.
State waives sovereign immunity to compulsory counterclaims by beginning Article III action to challenge TTAB finding.
Extensive primer on sovereign immunity / 11A.
Seventh Circuit -- USA v. USA v. Nora Penaloza
USA v. Nora Penaloza
No abuse of discretion in admitting extensive background evidence of investigation, despite court's prior denial of gov't's allegations of conspiracy in a Santiago proffer.
Post-transaction statements by deft in as background since not introduced for the truth of the matter asserted.
No constructive amendment of the indictment during trial to establish a conspiracy charge.
Witness' being there when deft confessed is sufficient foundation for their testimony.
No abuse of discretion in admitting extensive background evidence of investigation, despite court's prior denial of gov't's allegations of conspiracy in a Santiago proffer.
Post-transaction statements by deft in as background since not introduced for the truth of the matter asserted.
No constructive amendment of the indictment during trial to establish a conspiracy charge.
Witness' being there when deft confessed is sufficient foundation for their testimony.
Seventh Circuit -- Premium Plus Partner v. Goldman Sachs
Premium Plus Partner v. Goldman Sachs
Putative class composed of those who went short and got burned by a Goldman position taken due to embargoed information -
The SOL runs from when a reasonable person would have discerned the fraud, not when scienter of the fraudster is established.
Judge's order granting Rule 68 motion disqualifies plaintiff as representative of putative class, as the remedy has been found.
Remand for explanation as to why simple interest from date of filing was awarded as opposed to compound from date of violation.
Putative class composed of those who went short and got burned by a Goldman position taken due to embargoed information -
The SOL runs from when a reasonable person would have discerned the fraud, not when scienter of the fraudster is established.
Judge's order granting Rule 68 motion disqualifies plaintiff as representative of putative class, as the remedy has been found.
Remand for explanation as to why simple interest from date of filing was awarded as opposed to compound from date of violation.
Seventh Circuit -- Andrea Fields v. Judy Smith
Andrea Fields v. Judy Smith
Act barring the use of government funds for medical treatments for transsexual prisoners violates 8th Amendment CUP, both facially and as applied. District Court injunction upheld.
Act barring the use of government funds for medical treatments for transsexual prisoners violates 8th Amendment CUP, both facially and as applied. District Court injunction upheld.
Seventh Circuit -- Jayne Mathews-Sheets v. Michael Astrue
Jayne Mathews-Sheets v. Michael Astrue
COLA raises to fee levels under the Equal Access to Justice Act are dependent on the availability of labor - i.e., counsel must demonstrate that specialists in the field are not available at sub-COLA levels of remuneration.
COLA raises to fee levels under the Equal Access to Justice Act are dependent on the availability of labor - i.e., counsel must demonstrate that specialists in the field are not available at sub-COLA levels of remuneration.
Seventh Circuit -- NLRB v. Irving Ready-Mix, In
NLRB v. Irving Ready-Mix, In
Ready-mix concrete is not a construction business, and therefore the employer is a 9(a) employer, not an 8(f) employer. District Court injunction upheld.
Ready-mix concrete is not a construction business, and therefore the employer is a 9(a) employer, not an 8(f) employer. District Court injunction upheld.
Sixth Circuit -- William Gaspers v. Ohio Department of Youth Services
William Gaspers v. Ohio Department of Youth Services
No qualified immunity for officials facing S1983 suit for retaliation on the basis of marriage.
[Quite different from marriage as the basis of retaliation. ]
No qualified immunity for officials facing S1983 suit for retaliation on the basis of marriage.
[Quite different from marriage as the basis of retaliation. ]
Sixth Circuit -- Terrance' Akins v. Joe Easterling
Terrance' Akins v. Joe Easterling
Batson challenge via habeus to peremptory strike of one of two African-Americans in the pool denied. (The other potential juror was out for cause.)
No error in court allowing deft to go pro se where young deft (17 at time of offense) was urged by mentally ill family member to represent self, then decided to retain counsel, and then decided to punt counsel immediately prior to trial.
Batson challenge via habeus to peremptory strike of one of two African-Americans in the pool denied. (The other potential juror was out for cause.)
No error in court allowing deft to go pro se where young deft (17 at time of offense) was urged by mentally ill family member to represent self, then decided to retain counsel, and then decided to punt counsel immediately prior to trial.
Labels:
Crim,
Ineffective Assistance,
Prisoner Litigation
Sixth Circuit -- USA v. Roger Trent
USA v. Roger Trent
Sex offender registration - where SORNA was passed but not yet implemented by the state, and an AG's regulation applying the statute to these interstitial cases had not yet gone into effect, there was no duty to register.
Sex offender registration - where SORNA was passed but not yet implemented by the state, and an AG's regulation applying the statute to these interstitial cases had not yet gone into effect, there was no duty to register.
Fifth Circuit -- USA, ex rel, et al v. McKesson Corporation, et al
USA, ex rel, et al v. McKesson Corporation, et al
Under the False Claims Act, there is a jurisdictional bar where the suit is based on publicly available information (presumably to prevent idle barristry). Here, general notions of medical fraud which were publicly aired combined with the vague pleadings against defts TKO's the suit.
Under the False Claims Act, there is a jurisdictional bar where the suit is based on publicly available information (presumably to prevent idle barristry). Here, general notions of medical fraud which were publicly aired combined with the vague pleadings against defts TKO's the suit.
Fifth Circuit -- USA v. Alejandro Rios-Cortes
USA v. Alejandro Rios-Cortes
Where sentence is for two years but probated for five years and the deft violates the probation and gets 180 days, the conviction still gets the sentencing bump for aggravated felony, as the original term of two years is most relevant.
Where sentence is for two years but probated for five years and the deft violates the probation and gets 180 days, the conviction still gets the sentencing bump for aggravated felony, as the original term of two years is most relevant.
Fifth Circuit -- Windsor Place v. HHS
Fourth Circuit -- US v. Calvin Bonner
US v. Calvin Bonner
Insufficient evidence to convict, as there were no contemporaneous ID's and a weak foundation for the scientific evidence (DNA on a baseball cap).
Insufficient evidence to convict, as there were no contemporaneous ID's and a weak foundation for the scientific evidence (DNA on a baseball cap).
Thrd Circuit -- Yolanda Adams v. Ford Mtr Co
Yolanda Adams v. Ford Mtr Co
Counsel called a juror after a trial to discuss the verdict, and in the course of the phone call, mis-stated the law. Judge referred matter to local bar association by unsealed order.
Held:
Judge's factual determination that the rules had been violated is sufficient for standing to challenge.
Abuse of discretion in court's factual finding, as the conduct was not harassing in nature.
Violation of procedural DP, as the finding was equivalent to sanctions.
Violation of DP in not informing counsel of possibility of sanctions prior to the hearing.
Counsel called a juror after a trial to discuss the verdict, and in the course of the phone call, mis-stated the law. Judge referred matter to local bar association by unsealed order.
Held:
Judge's factual determination that the rules had been violated is sufficient for standing to challenge.
Abuse of discretion in court's factual finding, as the conduct was not harassing in nature.
Violation of procedural DP, as the finding was equivalent to sanctions.
Violation of DP in not informing counsel of possibility of sanctions prior to the hearing.
Third Circuit -- Pittsburgh League of Young Vot v. Port Auth Alghny
Pittsburgh League of Young Vot v. Port Auth Alghny
Whether agency's refusal to place certain non-commercial advertisements in its buses informing felons of their rights was an unconstitutional restriction on speech.
No decision on whether Bose or clear error is the standard of review.
No decision on whether the space is a public or nonpublic (b/c no political ads allowed) forum.
Comparator test establishes viewpoint discrimination - other noncommercial ads were accepted.
Whether agency's refusal to place certain non-commercial advertisements in its buses informing felons of their rights was an unconstitutional restriction on speech.
No decision on whether Bose or clear error is the standard of review.
No decision on whether the space is a public or nonpublic (b/c no political ads allowed) forum.
Comparator test establishes viewpoint discrimination - other noncommercial ads were accepted.
Third Circuit -- Jane Doe v. Indian River School District
Jane Doe v. Indian River School District
Given the potential for coercion and the purpose and character of the board, invocations at school board meetings are assessed under Lee's prayer-in-schools framework as opposed to Marsh's legislative-exception framework.
Under the Lemon test - policy TKO'd as its primary purpose is to advance religion and it fosters excessive entanglement. (Court declines to decide whether solemnification is a viable secular purpose).
Endorsement test held to be identical to the second prong of the Lemon test.
Summary judgment to appellants.
Given the potential for coercion and the purpose and character of the board, invocations at school board meetings are assessed under Lee's prayer-in-schools framework as opposed to Marsh's legislative-exception framework.
Under the Lemon test - policy TKO'd as its primary purpose is to advance religion and it fosters excessive entanglement. (Court declines to decide whether solemnification is a viable secular purpose).
Endorsement test held to be identical to the second prong of the Lemon test.
Summary judgment to appellants.
Second Circuit -- Faber v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
Faber v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
Whether ERISA awards in the form of accounts with the plan administrator violate the administrator's obligation to act solely in the interest of the beneficiary, given the interest earned by the administrator.
Plaintiff meets looser ERISA statutory standing requirements (no personal injury).
Skidmore deference to DOL interpretation that the assets are no longer plan assets.
The administrator's duty is discharged by the creation of the account.
Whether ERISA awards in the form of accounts with the plan administrator violate the administrator's obligation to act solely in the interest of the beneficiary, given the interest earned by the administrator.
Plaintiff meets looser ERISA statutory standing requirements (no personal injury).
Skidmore deference to DOL interpretation that the assets are no longer plan assets.
The administrator's duty is discharged by the creation of the account.
Second Circuit -- Casey v. Merck & Co., Inc.
Casey v. Merck & Co., Inc.
State law determines whether a putative class action in another jurisdiction (state or federal) tolls a SOL on a state law claim. Circuit split implied ("the majority of our sister circuits").
Question certified to the Va. Supreme Court.
State law determines whether a putative class action in another jurisdiction (state or federal) tolls a SOL on a state law claim. Circuit split implied ("the majority of our sister circuits").
Question certified to the Va. Supreme Court.
Second Circuit -- Mullins v. City of NY
Auer deference to the Secretary of Labor's determination that NYPD police sergeants are not primarily concerned with management, and are therefore entitled to overtime pay.
Second Circuit -- Joseph v. HDMJ
Joseph v. HDMJ
Question certified to the NY Court of Appeals on whether a state court dismissal for timeliness precludes by res judicata subsequent suit in a jurisdiction with a longer statute of limitations.
Question certified to the NY Court of Appeals on whether a state court dismissal for timeliness precludes by res judicata subsequent suit in a jurisdiction with a longer statute of limitations.
Thursday, August 04, 2011
Ninth Circuit -- CIR V. ESTATE OF ANNE Y. PETTER
CIR V. ESTATE OF ANNE Y. PETTER
Where the amount of stock donated to charitable institution is tied to the valuation of the stock, the valuation is not a condition precedent to the transfer. (The stock passes when it passes.)
Ergo, the charities can deduct the additional shares.
Where the amount of stock donated to charitable institution is tied to the valuation of the stock, the valuation is not a condition precedent to the transfer. (The stock passes when it passes.)
Ergo, the charities can deduct the additional shares.
Ninth Circuit -- USA V. ROGELIO ESPINOZA-BAZA
USA V. ROGELIO ESPINOZA-BAZA
S1981 Retaliation claim governed by 4 year federal SOL, not state.
IIED governed by state SOL.
No equitable estoppel on EEOC SOL where other party doesn't introduce a piece of evidence that is also in the plaintiff's possession.
No equitable tolling while pursuing an appeal in another circuit, where the present claim could be filed during pendency.
No equitable tolling from mental incompetence where plaintiff is actively involved in litigation in other circuits.
No error in dismissal of abuse of process & fraudulent concealment.
S1981 Retaliation claim governed by 4 year federal SOL, not state.
IIED governed by state SOL.
No equitable estoppel on EEOC SOL where other party doesn't introduce a piece of evidence that is also in the plaintiff's possession.
No equitable tolling while pursuing an appeal in another circuit, where the present claim could be filed during pendency.
No equitable tolling from mental incompetence where plaintiff is actively involved in litigation in other circuits.
No error in dismissal of abuse of process & fraudulent concealment.
Ninth Circuit -- USA V. ROGELIO ESPINOZA-BAZA
USA V. ROGELIO ESPINOZA-BAZA
No error in not allowing testimony as to citizenship of grandfather - deft was mounting a derivative citizenship defense - while relevant, potentially confusing and insufficiently probative.
A mere scintilla of evidence in the record is insufficient to justify a jury instruction on the theory.
Multiple illegal entries properly grouped and given the multiple offenses sentencing bump.
No substantive/procedural error in sentencing.
No error in not allowing testimony as to citizenship of grandfather - deft was mounting a derivative citizenship defense - while relevant, potentially confusing and insufficiently probative.
A mere scintilla of evidence in the record is insufficient to justify a jury instruction on the theory.
Multiple illegal entries properly grouped and given the multiple offenses sentencing bump.
No substantive/procedural error in sentencing.
Labels:
Crim,
FRE,
Immigration,
Jury Instructions,
Sentencing
Ninth Circuit -- USA V. BINGHAM
USA V. BINGHAM
Sufficient evidence to convict on VICAR murder after gang member said there was a "war" on with another gang.
RICO conviction upheld, despite the fact that the gang had reorganized during the term of the offense : The particular structure under which the AB operated at the time of the various predicate acts is not determinative of the relatedness of those acts.
Stabbing under the arm is attempted homicide, not mere assault.
Second pair of bloody trousers means no DP violation in destruction of bloody trousers, no evidence police knew they were potentially exculpatory.
Cannot assume that prosecutor knew that prior inconsistent statement was true.
Pinkerton culpability can establish RICO predicates.
No burden on gov't to present exculpatory evidence to grand jury.
No error in declining to admit an indictment from another prosecution where the defts are not named in the second indictment.
Sufficient evidence to convict on VICAR murder after gang member said there was a "war" on with another gang.
RICO conviction upheld, despite the fact that the gang had reorganized during the term of the offense : The particular structure under which the AB operated at the time of the various predicate acts is not determinative of the relatedness of those acts.
Stabbing under the arm is attempted homicide, not mere assault.
Second pair of bloody trousers means no DP violation in destruction of bloody trousers, no evidence police knew they were potentially exculpatory.
Cannot assume that prosecutor knew that prior inconsistent statement was true.
Pinkerton culpability can establish RICO predicates.
No burden on gov't to present exculpatory evidence to grand jury.
No error in declining to admit an indictment from another prosecution where the defts are not named in the second indictment.
Eighth Circuit -- Steve McCoy v. Michael J. Astrue
Steve McCoy v. Michael J. Astrue
No error in ALJ determination that claimant's symptoms did not match disease profile, as substantial evidence supported ALJ finding.
While an ALJ does have a duty to develop the record, this duty is not never-ending and an ALJ is not required to disprove every possible impairment.
ALJ's consideration of non-exertional limitations not under the grids was kosher.
Balance of ALJ's findings justified by substantial evidence.
No error in ALJ determination that claimant's symptoms did not match disease profile, as substantial evidence supported ALJ finding.
While an ALJ does have a duty to develop the record, this duty is not never-ending and an ALJ is not required to disprove every possible impairment.
ALJ's consideration of non-exertional limitations not under the grids was kosher.
Balance of ALJ's findings justified by substantial evidence.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. Hillard Garrett, Jr.
United States v. Hillard Garrett, Jr.
Jury could reasonably find that deft chucked the gun out of the car window when fleeing from police.
No error in denying mistrial after mentions of drug investigations by witnesses.
Two firearms offenses fifteen months apart were correctly joined.
No improper joinder, as no evidence of jury taint.
Jury could reasonably find that deft chucked the gun out of the car window when fleeing from police.
No error in denying mistrial after mentions of drug investigations by witnesses.
Two firearms offenses fifteen months apart were correctly joined.
No improper joinder, as no evidence of jury taint.
Eighth Circuit -- United States v. James Scudder
United States v. James Scudder
Indiana child molestation statute is categorically a violent crime under the ACCA residual clause.
Indiana child molestation statute is categorically a violent crime under the ACCA residual clause.
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Author's SSRN page here.